Squelette

Squelette (vue antérieure): Ensemble des os composant la charpente du corps humain.
Maxillaire supérieur: Partie osseuse supérieure de la mâchoire.
Maxillaire inférieur: Partie osseuse inférieure de la mâchoire.
Clavicule: Os de la ceinture scapulaire situé entre le sternum et l'omoplate.
Manubrium: Partie du haut du sternum.
Sternum: Os rejoignant à l'avant les côtes de la cage thoracique.
Côtes (1 à 7): Premiers os formant la cage thoracique.
Fausses côtes (8, 9, 10): Les 8, 9 et 10ème côtes de la cage thoracique protégeant partiellement les poumons.
Côtes flottantes (11, 12): Deux dernières côtes formant la cage thoracique.
Os iliaque: Os de la ceinture pelvienne résultant de la soudure de l'ilion, de l'ischion et du pubis.
Sacrum: Os qui s'articule avec l'os iliaque pour former le bassin.
Ischion: Un des os formant l'os iliaque.
Fémur: Os le plus long du corps humain formant la cuisse.
Rotule: Os rond et plat situé dans le haut du genou.
Tibia: Os formant la partie interne de la jambe.
Péroné: Os formant la partie externe de la jambe.
Tarse: Région osseuse postérieure du pied.
Métatarse: Région du squelette pédestre entre le tarse et les orteils.
Phalangette: Dernière phalange d'un doigt.
Phalangine: Phalange centrale du doigt.
Phalange: Segment articulé du doigt ou de l'orteil.
Métacarpe: Os de la main situé entre le carpe et les phalanges.
Carpes: Parties articulées de la main, situées entre l'avant-bras et les métacarpes.
Radius: Os formant la partie externe de l'avant-bras.
Cubitus: Os formant la partie interne de l'avant-bras.
Humérus: Os formant le bras.
Omoplate: Os de la partie postérieure de l'épaule.
Os malaire ou zygomatique: Os de la joue.
Os propres au nez: Os formant le nez.
Temporal: Os formant la tempe.
Frontal: Os formant le front.

Photo :

EN : Goat

FR : Chèvre

ES : Cabra

Domestic goats are one of the oldest domesticated species. For thousands of years, goats have been used for their milk, meat, hair, and skins all over the world. Most goats naturally have two horns, of various shapes and sizes depending on the breed. While horns are a predominantly male feature, some breeds of goats have horned females. Polled (hornless goats) are not uncommon and there have been incidents of polycerate goats (having as many as eight horns), although this is a genetic rarity thought to be inherited. Their horns are made of living bone surrounded by keratin and other proteins and are used for defense, dominance, and territoriality.

Goats are ruminants. They have a four-chambered stomach consisting of the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum, and the abomasum. Goats have horizontal slit-shaped pupils, an adaptation which increases peripheral depth perception. Because goats' irises are usually pale, the pupils are much more visible than in animals with horizontal pupils but very dark irises, such as sheep, cattle and most horses.

Both male and female goats have beards, and many types of goats may have wattles, one dangling from each side of the neck. Some breeds of sheep and goats appear superficially similar, but goat tails are short and point up, whereas sheep tails hang down and are usually longer, though some are short, and some long ones are docked.